There are many different ways to organize or map information. Here is a very good shortlist of some classic relational data patterns.
http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/staffdev/tpss98/patterns-taxonomy.html
Cluster - presents related aspects of a central idea/element
Hierarchy - Categories and subcategories; organization by relationship, ownership, levels of granularity, top-down, deductive, movement from top to bottom
Venn Diagram - Membership in overlapping categories, shared commonality
Timeline - temporal map or sequence/change over time
Flowchart - Steps in a procedure or process
Concept map - Labeled relationships
Causal Loop Diagram - Systems of cause and effect
Comparison Matrix - Table of comparisons
Inductive Tower - Building inferences and generalizations from data (reverse hierarchy; bottom up, rather than top-down movement